Getting your shots to land exactly where you aim starts with knowing how to adjust rifle scope. It’s a fundamental skill for any shooter, whether you’re sighting in a new optic or compensating for different distances. This guide will walk you through the process in simple, clear steps. You’ll learn what the turrets do, how to make precise changes, and how to confirm your zero. With a little patience, you can have your rifle hitting the bullseye consistently.
First, let’s understand the tool. Your rifle scope has adjustment turrets, usually covered by caps. The one on top is for elevation (up and down). The one on the side is for windage (left and right). Each click of the turret moves the point of impact a specific distance at 100 yards, like 1/4 inch or 1/2 inch. This is called the click value. Always check your scope’s manual to confirm yours.
You’ll also need to know your scope’s direction. Most scopes are “standard,” meaning turning the elevation turret “Up” moves your point of impact up. But it’s crucial to verify this on the range. Some scopes, especially older models, can be different. Never assume – always test.
How to Adjust Rifle Scope
The core process involves shooting a group, seeing where it lands relative to your aim point, and then turning the turrets to move that group into the desired spot. Here’s the step-by-step method.
Gather Your Gear and Get Safe
Before you touch a turret, make sure you have everything ready and are following safety rules.
* Essential Equipment: Your zeroed rifle, ammunition, a solid rest (sandbags or a bipod), a target, and eye/ear protection.
* A Stable Platform: Use a shooting bench or prone position. The goal is to remove your body’s movement as much as possible. The rifle should sit solidly in the rest, with you applying minimal shoulder pressure.
* Safety First: Always keep the muzzle pointed in a safe direction. Keep the firearm unloaded until you are ready to shoot on the firing line.
Step 1: Fire a Initial Group
Your goal here is to see where your rifle is actually shooting.
* Set up your target at the distance you want to zero for, like 100 yards.
* Aim carefully at the exact center of your target. Use a steady, controlled trigger pull.
* Fire a group of 3 to 5 shots. Don’t adjust the scope between these shots. We want to see the rifle’s natural grouping.
Step 2: Find Your Group’s Center
Now, go downrange (when the range is cold and safe) or use a spotting scope to examine the target.
Look at the cluster of holes. Measure the horizontal and vertical distance from the center of this group to your intended point of aim.
* For example, let’s say your group is 4 inches low and 2 inches to the left of the bullseye. That’s your correction data.
Step 3: Calculate the Clicks Needed
This is where the click value comes in. Let’s do the math with a common 1/4 MOA scope.
* Formula: (Inches of adjustment needed) / (Click value at your distance) = Number of clicks.
Low Example (Elevation): You are 4 inches low. You need to come up 4 inches. At 100 yards, each click = 1/4 inch. So, 4 / 0.25 = 16 clicks UP.
Left Example (Windage): You are 2 inches left. You need to move right 2 inches. 2 / 0.25 = 8 clicks RIGHT.
Step 4: Make the Adjustments
Remove the turret caps carefully. Turn the turrets the correct direction and number of clicks.
* Elevation Turret (Top): Turn it in the direction marked “Up” for the calculated clicks (e.g., 16 clicks).
* Windage Turret (Side): Turn it in the direction marked “Right” for the calculated clicks (e.g., 8 clicks).
* Pro Tip: Some shooters find it helpful to count out loud or to turn past the needed clicks and then turn back, to ensure they feel each click.
Step 5: Confirm and Fine-Tune
Your first adjustment might not be perfect, and that’s normal.
* Fire another 3-shot group. See where it lands.
* If it’s centered, congratulations! Your zero is good. Fire one more group to confirm.
* If it’s still off, measure the new error. The adjustments will now be smaller. Maybe it’s only 1 inch high and half an inch right. Repeat the calculation and adjustment process with these new, smaller numbers.
Helpful Tips for Success
* Let the Barrel Cool: A hot barrel can change its point of impact. Shoot slowly and let it cool between groups.
* Consistent Ammo: Use the same brand and type of ammunition you plan to hunt or compete with. Different ammo shoots to different points.
* Write It Down: Keep a log of your adjustments and the results. It helps you learn your rifle’s behavior.
* Check Your Zero: It’s good practice to verify your zero before any important trip or season. Bumps and travel can sometimes shift a scope.
What If My Scope Has a Zero-Stop?
Many modern scopes feature a zero-stop or revolution indicator. This is a fantastic tool.
* After you’ve achieved your perfect zero, you loosen a set screw and set the turret to read “0.”
* This allows you to dial up for longer shots (e.g., to 400 yards) and then simply dial back down to “0” to return to your 100-yard zero. You’ll never lose your starting point.
Troubleshooting Common Problems
Sometimes, things don’t go as planned. Here’s what to check:
* Scope Won’t Adjust Far Enough: Ensure your scope rings and base are mounted tightly and correctly. The scope might be out of mechanical travel.
* Groups are Inconsistent (Not Tight): This is usually a shooter or equipment issue, not a scope adjustment problem. Focus on fundamentals, check your rest, or try different ammo.
Adjustments Seem Backwards: Double-check your turret directions. Remember, you are moving the point of impact, not the crosshair. If you are hitting low, you tell the scope to move up.
Frequently Asked Questions
How many clicks on a scope is an inch?
It depends entirely on your scope’s click value. At 100 yards, a 1/4 MOA scope takes 4 clicks to move 1 inch. A 1/2 MOA scope takes 2 clicks for an inch. Always check your manual.
Which way do I turn my scope to move the bullet impact?
To move your bullet impact up, turn the elevation turret up. To move it right, turn the windage turret right. A good way to remember is: “Follow the hole.” If your shots are hitting low, you follow them up with the “Up” turret.
Why are my shots still scattered after adjusting?
If your shot groups are large and not in a consistent spot, the issue likely isn’t the zero. It could be your shooting technique, a loose scope mount, inconsistent ammunition, or a barrel that needs to cool down. Work on shooting a tight group first, then adjust the scope to move that tight group to the center.
Do I need any special tools to adjust a riflescope?
Usually, no. Most turrets are finger-adjustable. However, you may need a coin or small screwdriver to loosen the set screws on a zero-stop mechanism or to remove very tight turret caps. Never force anything.
How often should I check my rifle’s zero?
You should check it at the start of a new shooting season, before a major hunt, or if the rifle has suffered a significant bump or fall. It’s also smart to verify it periodically throughout the year, especially if you haven’t shot in a while. A quick 3-shot confirmation can save a missed opportunity.
Mastering how to adjust rifle scope is a skill that builds confidence in your equipment and your shooting. It demystifies the process and puts you in control. Take your time, be methodical, and always prioritize safety. With this knowledge, you can ensure that when you aim at your target, your bullet will find its mark.